Definition of Passive
Voice
Passive Voice adalah
suatu grammatical construction (bentuk gramatikal)
dimana subject pada sentence (kalimat) atau clause (Klausa)
tidak melakukan aksi melainkan menerima aksi atau ditindaklanjuti (receiver of
action) oleh agent lain (doer of action) baik disebutkan
ataupun tidak. Sebaliknya, pada konstruksi active, subject pada sentence atau
clause berhubungan langsung dengan verb dengan bertindak
sebagai pelaku aksi. Kalimat aktif dapat ditransformasi menjadi pasif, namun hanya
transitive verb (mempunyai direct object) yang dapat diberlakukan
demikian.
Hal yang perlu
diperhatikan dalam merubah aktif ke pasif adalah:
1. Yang dapat dijadikan kalimat passive adalah
verbal sentence (kalimat yang predikatnya kata kerja/V)
2. Verbal sentence yang dapat dirubah ke Paasive
Voice (Kalimat Pasif) adalah kalimat yang memiliki objek penderita.
3. Perubahan aktif ke pasif atau sebaliknya tidak
merubah makna kalimat. Perubahan ini terjadi hanya pada struktur kalimatnya
saja.
4. Cirri kalimat pasiv/passive voice adalah to be +
V3 dan kata by (kata ini bukan merupakan syarat yang harus ada dalam kalimat
pasif)
Pattern
S + be + verb3 + by +
object + modifier
Example :
1.
I am paid in dollars.
2.
The red velvet recipe is
used by many people.
3.
All of my shoes are
washed every month.
4.
Large amounts of meat
and milk are consumed by many people in the countries.
5.
The book was edited by
Beatrice Sparks
6.
The books were edited by
Beatrice Sparks
7.
The television is stolen
by him
8.
Tina is helped by Jane
9.
They are met by him
everyday
10.
This plant is watered by
her every two days
Rumus Pola Aktif-Pasif untuk Semua Tenses
|
Tenses
|
Active
|
Passive
|
|
Simple
Present
Simple
Past
|
S
+ V1
S
+ V2
|
S
+ am/is/are + V3
S
+
|
|
Present
Continous
Present
Perfect Continous
Past
Continous
Past
Perfect Continous
Future
Continous
Future
Perfect Continous
Past
Future Continous
Past
Future Perfect Continous
|
S
+ am/is/are + V-ing
S
+ have/has + been + V-ing
S
+ was/were + V-ing
S
+ had + been + V-ing
S
+ will/shall + be + V-ing
S
+ will + have + V-ing
S
+ would + be + V-ing
S
+ would + have + been + V-ing
|
S
+ am/is/are + being + V3
S
+ have/has + been + being + V3
S
+ was/were + being + V3
S
+ had + been + being + V3
S
+ will/shall + be + being + V3
S
+ will + have + been + being + V3
S
+ would + be + being + V3
S
+ would + have + been + being + V3
|
Ciri kalimat passive/passive voice
selain by + O adalah
|
Present
Past
Perfect
Continous
Future
|
Am/is/are + V3
Was/were + V3
Been + V3
Being + V3
Be + V3
|
FORM: SUBJECT + BE + THE PAST PARTICIPLE
(V3)
Be dalam kalimat pasif menentukan jenis Tense dari kalimat tersebut.
The present tense (am, is , are)
The past tense (was, were)
Infinitive (be)
-ing form (being)
the past participle (been)
Contoh kalimat passive yang menggunakan kata kerja Drive
(drive-drove-driven)
1. The
simple present tense
Subject + be (am/is/are) + the past participle
(active)
Someone drives the
car everyday
(passive)
The car is
driven everyday
(Passive Question)
Is the car driven everyday?
(Passive Negative)
The car is not driven everyday.
2. The
Simple Past tense
Subject + be (was/were) + the past participle
(active)
Someone drove the car
(Passive)
The car was driven
(Passive Question)
was the car driven?
(Passive
Negative)
The car was not driven
3. The
simple future tense
Subject + will + be + the past participle
(active)
Someone will drive the car
Passive)
The car will be driven
(Passive question)
Will the car be driven?
Passive Negative)
The car will not be driven.
4. The
simple future tense
Subject + be (am/is/are) going to + be + the
past participle
(active)
Someone is going to drive the car
(pasiive)
The car is going to be driven
(Passive question)
Is the car going to be
driven?
(Passive
Negative)
The car is not going to be driven
5. The
present continuous tense
Subject + be (am/is/are) + being + the past
participle
(active)
Someone is driving the car
(Passive)
The car is being driven
(Passive
question) Is the
car being driven?
(Passive Negative)
The car is not being driven
6. The
past continuous tense
Subject + be (was/were) + being + the past
participle
(active)
Someone was driving the car
(Passive)
The car was being driven
Passive question)
Was the car being driven?
Passive Negative)
The car was not being driven
7. The
present perfect tense
Subject + has/heve + been + the past participle
(active) Someone
has driven the car
(Passive)
The car has been driven
(Passive Question)
Has the car been
driven?
Passive
Negative)
The car has not been driven
8. The
past perfect tense
Subject + had + been + the past participle
(active)
Someone had driven the car.
(passive)
The car had been driven
(passive
question) Had the
car been driven?
(passive Negative)
The car had not been driven
9. The
future perfect tense
Subject + will have + been + the past participle
(active)
Someone will have driven the car
(passive)
The car will have been driven
(Passive question)
Will the car have been
driven?
(Passive Negative)
The car will not have been driven
Source :
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