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Jumat, 04 April 2014

Passive Voice

Definition of Passive Voice

Passive Voice adalah suatu grammatical construction (bentuk gramatikal) dimana subject pada sentence (kalimat) atau clause (Klausa) tidak melakukan aksi melainkan menerima aksi atau ditindaklanjuti (receiver of action) oleh agent lain (doer of action) baik disebutkan ataupun tidak. Sebaliknya, pada konstruksi active, subject pada sentence atau clause berhubungan langsung dengan verb dengan bertindak sebagai pelaku aksi. Kalimat aktif dapat ditransformasi menjadi pasif, namun hanya transitive verb (mempunyai direct object) yang dapat diberlakukan demikian.

Hal yang perlu diperhatikan dalam merubah aktif ke pasif adalah:
1.      Yang dapat dijadikan kalimat passive adalah verbal sentence (kalimat yang predikatnya kata kerja/V)
2.      Verbal sentence yang dapat dirubah ke Paasive Voice (Kalimat Pasif) adalah kalimat yang memiliki objek penderita.
3.      Perubahan aktif ke pasif atau sebaliknya tidak merubah makna kalimat. Perubahan ini terjadi hanya pada struktur kalimatnya saja.
4.      Cirri kalimat pasiv/passive voice adalah to be + V3 dan kata by (kata ini bukan merupakan syarat yang harus ada dalam kalimat pasif)

Pattern
S + be + verb3 + by + object + modifier

Example :
1.      I am paid in dollars.
2.      The red velvet recipe is used by many people.
3.      All of my shoes are washed every month.
4.      Large amounts of meat and milk are consumed by many people in the countries.
5.      The book was edited by Beatrice Sparks
6.      The books were edited by Beatrice Sparks
7.      The television is stolen by him
8.      Tina is helped by Jane
9.      They are met by him everyday
10.  This plant is watered by her every two days



Rumus Pola Aktif-Pasif untuk Semua Tenses
Tenses
Active
Passive
Simple Present
Simple Past
S + V1
S + V2
S + am/is/are + V3
S +
Present Continous
Present Perfect Continous
Past Continous
Past Perfect Continous
Future Continous
Future Perfect Continous
Past Future Continous
Past Future Perfect Continous
S + am/is/are + V-ing
S + have/has + been + V-ing
S + was/were + V-ing
S + had + been + V-ing
S + will/shall + be + V-ing
S + will + have + V-ing
S + would + be + V-ing
S + would + have + been + V-ing
S + am/is/are + being + V3
S + have/has + been + being + V3
S + was/were + being + V3
S + had + been + being + V3
S + will/shall + be + being + V3
S + will + have + been + being + V3
S + would + be + being + V3
S + would + have + been + being + V3

Ciri kalimat passive/passive voice selain by + O adalah
Present
Past
Perfect
Continous
Future
Am/is/are + V3
Was/were + V3
Been + V3
Being + V3
Be + V3

FORM: SUBJECT + BE + THE PAST PARTICIPLE (V3)
Be dalam kalimat pasif menentukan jenis Tense dari kalimat tersebut.
The present tense (am, is , are)
The past tense (was, were)
Infinitive (be)
-ing form (being)
the past participle (been)
Contoh kalimat passive yang menggunakan kata kerja Drive (drive-drove-driven)

1.      The simple present tense
Subject + be (am/is/are) + the past participle
(active)                               Someone drives the car everyday
(passive)                             The car is driven everyday
(Passive Question)              Is the car driven everyday?
(Passive Negative)              The car is not driven everyday.

2.      The Simple Past tense
Subject + be (was/were) + the past participle
(active)                              Someone drove the car
(Passive)                           The car was driven
(Passive Question)              was the car driven?
(Passive Negative)              The car was not driven

3.      The simple future tense
Subject + will + be + the past participle
(active)                              Someone will drive the car
Passive)                           The car will be driven
(Passive question)              Will the car be driven?
Passive Negative)              The car will not be driven.

4.      The simple future tense
Subject + be (am/is/are) going to + be + the past participle
(active)                              Someone is going to drive the car
(pasiive)                            The car is going to be driven
(Passive question)              Is the car going to be driven?
(Passive Negative)              The car is not going to be driven

5.      The present continuous tense
Subject + be (am/is/are) + being + the past participle
(active)                              Someone is driving the car
(Passive)                           The car is being driven
(Passive question)              Is the car being driven?
(Passive Negative)             The car is not being driven

6.      The past continuous tense
Subject + be (was/were) + being + the past participle
(active)                              Someone was driving the car
(Passive)                           The car was being driven
Passive question)              Was the car being driven?
Passive Negative)              The car was not being driven

7.      The present perfect tense
Subject + has/heve + been + the past participle
(active)                              Someone has driven the car
(Passive)                           The car has been driven
(Passive Question)              Has the car been driven?
Passive Negative)              The car has not been driven

8.      The past perfect tense
Subject + had + been + the past participle
(active)                              Someone had driven the car.
(passive)                           The car had been driven
(passive question)              Had the car been driven?
(passive Negative)             The car had not been driven

9.      The future perfect tense
Subject + will have + been + the past participle
(active)                              Someone will have driven the car
(passive)                           The car will have been driven
(Passive question)              Will the car have been driven?
(Passive Negative)              The car will not have been driven

Source :          


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